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AUDIO PRODUCTION / PRACTICAL GUIDE

How to prepare your music stems for mixing and mastering

A well-organized handover gives your mix engineer more time to work on the sound and less time repairing a session. Here is a checklist for artists, producers and bands preparing recordings for an external mix.

Useful for preparing a project in Accra, Ghana or for remote collaboration. This is a planning guide, not a substitute for an agreed production brief or quote.

Start with an agreed version

Before exporting, confirm the song arrangement, key, tempo, vocal comp and production choices. Print a rough mix that shows your intended balance and creative effects. A reference mix is not a replacement for individual audio tracks, but it makes your direction much easier to understand.

Export from a common starting point

For individual tracks and multitrack mixing, export files from the same timeline start even when a part begins much later in the song. That way the files line up when imported into a fresh session. Ask the engineer whether they want multitracks, grouped stems or both; they are not the same deliverable.

Keep the original sample rate and sensible headroom

WAV is generally a practical interchange format for mixing. Keep the project's native sample rate and export a consistent bit depth where possible. Avoid clipped tracks, unnecessary master limiting and normalization unless specifically requested. There is no single magic peak level; clean, unclipped audio and appropriate dynamic range matter more than a fixed number.

Label tracks so another person can work quickly

Use names such as Lead_Vocal, Harmony_High_L, Bass_DI, Acoustic_Guitar_R or Kick_In rather than Audio_23. Remove unused takes and identify any alternate versions. If you send grouped stems, label the group clearly, such as Drums_Stem or Backing_Vocals_Stem.

Print intentional effects, but keep options

If a delay, guitar tone, synthesizer patch or tuning effect is central to the arrangement, provide a printed version. If feasible, include a dry alternative. Explain which processing is a creative decision that must stay and what can be adjusted during mixing.

Create a clear handover folder

Include a text note with tempo, key if useful, song version, sample rate, rough mix, one or two sonic references and specific concerns. Mention your desired delivery: final stereo WAV, instrumental, clean edit, performance track or platform-specific masters. Agree on revisions and delivery timing in advance.

Before you send your brief

  • Every exported file starts at the same timeline position.
  • No source track is clipped or unintentionally distorted.
  • Track names are readable and consistent.
  • Rough mix and reference tracks are included.
  • Tempo, sample rate and creative requirements are documented.

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